PROVADr. Gad BanethDa :A comparison of non-invasive and invasive diagnostic methods for canine leishmaniosis "Non-invasive conjunctival PCR has been shown to be accurate in the diagnosis of seropositive dogs with clinical leishmanioasis direct diagnosis of canine infection7,8, and also useful in the detection of asymptomatic infection9,10.Oral swab PCR has been shown to be considerably less sensitive than conjunctival PCR11. Urine PCR may also be useful in the detection of infection12,13, and recently PCR of hair has been shown to be sensitive for detection of infection in dogs with clinical disease14.It appears that non-invasive conjunctival PCR is a good molecular tool for the detection of infection in epidemiological surveys’ clinical studies, and in clinical situations when invasive detection of infection is not desirable"
